Paul has emphasised that the true Apostles are just ordinary men with weaknesses. He was caused much emotional pain by the Corinthians. Apostleship is clarified. Paul had performed miraculous signs which was further proof he was a true Apostle. Despite all the difficulties Paul loved the church and wanted to visit them again even though his visits had been difficult.

Paul starts to address the problem of the ‘false apostles’ who had confused the Corinthians with a different gospel. paul was preparing for a spiritual battle. The Jewish teachers took away from the work of the cross by saying the Christians had to observe the Jewish laws. These ideas were a stronghold which Paul wanted to break down.

Paul explains the reason for the delay in his visit. He uses an image of a Roman victory procession to show how Christians are part of God’s Kingdom. He compares his ministry and motivation to that of the false teachers who have gone to Corinth.

Paul establishes his authority as an Apostle. He refers to his experience in Ephesus and how God has protected him from death. He encourages the Corinthians that God comforts them in their difficulties.